Zishen Wan 
I am a 5th-year Ph.D. student at Georgia Tech, advised by Prof. Arijit Raychowdhury and Prof. Tushar Krishna. I also closely work with Prof. Vijay Janapa Reddi. My research interests are in computer architecture and VLSI, with a focus on designing efficient and reliable hardware and systems for autonomous machines and cognitive intelligence.
I received M.S. from Harvard University where I was advised by Prof. Vijay Janapa Reddi, and collaborated with
Prof. David Brooks and Prof. Gu-Yeon Wei. I received B.Eng. from Harbin Institute of Technology. I was a visiting student at MIT CSAIL, National Chiao Tung University, and National Tsing Hua University.
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GitHub  / 
Twitter
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Email:
zishenwan@gatech.edu
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Research Interests
My research is at the intersection of VLSI, computer architecture, and embedded system. I conduct system-architecture-technology co-design for autonomous machines, cognitive and embodied AI, with the vision to advance their performance, efficiency, resilience, and trustworthy.
- System:
- Architecture:
- Circuit & Technology:
A summary of our recent works on Autonomous Machine Computing.
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News
- [Sep. 2024] [Award] I receive Best Presentation Award at Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC) TECHCON 2024.
- [Aug. 2024] [Paper] Our work Towards Efficient Neuro-Symbolic AI: From Workload Analysis to Hardware Arch accepted to IEEE TCASAI.
- [Aug. 2024] [Talk] I give a talk on MulBERRY and CIM Adaptation at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
- [Aug. 2024] [Talk] I give a talk on "Demystifying Neuro-Symbolic AI Computing" at University of Minnesota, Twin Cities.
- [Jul. 2024] [Paper] Our work "Thinking and Moving: An Efficient Computing Approach for Integrated Task and Motion Planning in Cooperative Embodied AI Systems" accepted to ICCAD 2024.
- [May. 2024] [Paper] Our work Neuro-Symbolic Architecture Meets LLMs: A Memory-Centric Perspective accepted to ESWEEK 2024.
- [May. 2024] [Paper] Our work Benchmarking Test-Time DNN Adaptation at Edge with Compute-In-Memory accepted to ACM JATS.
- [May. 2024] [Talk] H3DFact and MemQuant selected into SRC TECHCON 2024; Presented our recent works in neuro-symbolic AI and autonomous machine computing at ASPLOS'24 EMC2 workshop, MLSys'24 YPS, Berkeley NeuS workshop, and SRC CoCoSys center.
- [Apr. 2024] [Award] I am selected as 2024 Cyber-Physical Systems Rising Star.
- [Apr. 2024] [Paper] Our work The Vulnerability-Adaptive Protection Paradigm Toward Reliable Autonomous Machines accepted to Communications of the ACM.
- [Apr. 2024] [Award] Our team CipherFlitFort is selected for Georgia Tech CREATE-X Award.
- [Apr. 2024] [Service] I start to serve on the steering committee of Computer Architecture Student Association (CASA).
- [Mar. 2024] [Award] I receive Best Poster Award at DARPA SRC JUMP2.0 Center for Co-Design of Cognitive Systems (CoCoSys).
- [Mar. 2024] [Paper] Our work Towards Cognitive AI Systems: Workload and Characterization of Neuro-Symbolic AI accepted to ISPASS 2024.
- [Feb. 2024] [Paper] Our work Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design of Distribution-Aware Logarithmic-Posit Encodings accepted to DAC 2024.
- [Feb. 2024] [Service] I serve on the program committee of CAV@ASPLOS'24, artifact evaluation committee of ISCA'24, media team of ISSCC'24.
- [Jan. 2024] [Paper] Our work RobotPerf Benchmark accepted to ICRA 2024.
- [Dec. 2023] [Book] Our book
Machine Learning Systems with TinyML is released. By the Community, For the Community.
- [Dec. 2023] [Award] I receive Best Poster Award at 2023 IBM IEEE AI Compute Symposium.
- [Nov. 2023] [Paper] Our two works MulBERRY and ORIANNA accepted to ASPLOS 2024.
- [Nov. 2023] [Paper] Our work H3DFact: Heterogeneous 3D Integrated CIM for Factorization with Holographic Perceptual Representations accepted to DATE 2024.
- [Nov. 2023] [Award] I receive ISSCC 2024 Student Travel Award.
- [Oct. 2023] [Paper] Our work Silent Data Corruption in Robot Operating System: A Case for End-to-End System-Level Fault Analysis Using Autonomous UAVs accepted to IEEE TCAD.
- [Sep. 2023] [Award] We release RobotPerf Benchmark and win Best Paper Award at Robotics Benchmarking Workshop at IROS 2023.
- [Aug. 2023] [Service] I serve on the Artifact Evaluation Committee of MICRO'23.
- [Jul. 2023] [Paper] Our work SEE-MCAM: Scalable Multi-bit FeFET Content Addressable Memories for Energy Efficient Associative Search accepted to ICCAD 2023.
- [Jul. 2023] [Paper] Our work A Heterogeneous RRAM In-memory and SRAM Near-memory SoC for Fused Frame and Event-based Target Identification and Tracking accepted to JSSC.
- [May. 2023] [Award] I am selected as 2023 ML and Systems Rising Star.
- [May. 2023] [Paper] Our work VPP: The Vulnerability-Proportional Protection Paradigm Towards Reliable Autonomous Machines accepted to 5th Domain Specific System Architecture (DOSSA-5) Workshop at ISCA 2023.
- [May. 2023] [Paper] Our work Towards Cognitive AI Systems: A Survey and Prospective on Neuro-Symbolic AI accepted to Next-Gen AI System Workshop at MLSys 2023.
- [May. 2023] [Talk] I give invited talks and poster presentations on Co-Design for Efficient and Resilient Autonomous Machine Computing at Georgia Tech EIC Lab, Georgia Tech Chips Day, CoCoSys Annual Review, CRNCH Annual Review, and CRIDC'23.
- [Apr. 2023] [Award] I am awarded Georgia Tech Roger P. Webb Graduate Research Assistant Excellence Award.
- [Apr. 2023] [Service] I serve on the Artifact Evaluation Committee of ISCA'23, Reviewer of IEEE TBioCAS.
- [Feb. 2023] [Paper] Our work BERRY: Bit Error Robustness for Energy-Efficient Reinforcement Learning-Based Autonomous Systems accepted to DAC 2023.
- [Jan. 2023] [Award] Our work AutoPilot is selected as Honorable Mention in IEEE Micro Top Picks 2023.
- [Jan. 2023] [Paper] Our work Real-Time Fully Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Lane Detection in Autonomous Driving accepted as Late Breaking Result in DATE 2023.
- [Jan. 2023] [Service] I serve on the Technical Program Committee of DAC'23, Reviewer of IEEE TCAD, Steering Committee of IEEE Entrepreneurship China.
- [Dec. 2022] [Paper] Our work MAVFI: An End-to-End Fault Analysis Framework with Anomaly Detection and Recovery for Micro Aerial Vehicles accepted to DATE 2023.
- [Nov. 2022] [Award] I received 1st place in ACM/SIGBED Student Research Competition (SRC).
- [Oct. 2022] [Service] We founded MLPerf (MLCommons) Resilience and Robustness Research Working Group.
- [Oct. 2022] [Paper] Our work A 73.53TOPS/W 14.74TOPS Heterogeneous RRAM In-Memory and SRAM Near-Memory SoC for Hybrid Frame and Event-Based Target Tracking accepted to ISSCC 2023.
- [Oct. 2022] [Talk] I give a talk on "Efficient SW/HW Co-Design for Robotic Computing" at 2022 IBM AI Compute Symposium.
- [Sep. 2022] [Award] I am awarded Qualcomm Fellowship.
- [Sep. 2022] [Service] I serve on the Artifact Evaluation Committee of ASPLOS'23, IISWC'22, MICRO'22, ASPLOS'22. Served on the Technical Program Committee of NPC'22.
- [Jul. 2022] [Paper] Our work Analyzing and Improving Resilience of Autonomous Systems accepted to ICCAD 2022.
- [Jul. 2022] [Paper] Our work Automatic Domain-Specific SoC Design for Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles accepted to MICRO 2022.
- [Jun. 2022] [Paper] Our work QuaRL: Quantization for Fast and Sustainable RL accepted to TMLR, featured by Google AI.
- [Jun. 2022] [Talk] I give a talk on the plenary panel Reliability of Autonomous Machines at COMPSAC 2022.
- [Apr. 2022] [Award] I am selected as DAC Young Fellow at DAC 2022.
- [Apr. 2022] [Paper] Our work Robotic Computing on FPGAs: Current Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities accepted to AICAS 2022.
- [Mar. 2022] [Paper] Our work Roofline Model for UAVs: A Bottleneck Analysis Tool for Onboard Compute Characterization of Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles accepted to ISPASS 2022.
- [Feb. 2022] [Paper] Our work Improving Compute In-Memory ECC Reliability accepted to DAC 2022.
- [Jan. 2022] [Paper] Our work An Energy-Efficient and Runtime-Reconfigurable FPGA-Based Accelerator for Robotic Localization Systems accepted to CICC 2022.
- [Jan. 2022] [Award] I am awarded CRNCH PhD Fellowship, supported by Center for Novel Computing Hierarchies.
- [Jan. 2022] [Paper] Invited Paper Circuit and System Technologies for Efficient Edge Robotics appeared at ASP-DAC 2022.
- [Dec. 2021] [Award] I am selected as DAC Young Fellow, and win Best Presentation Award at DAC 2021.
- [Nov. 2021] [Paper] Our work FRL-FI: Transient Fault Analysis for Federated Reinforcement Learning-Based Navigation Systems accepted to DATE 2022.
- [Nov. 2021] [Award] I win 4th place in ACM Student Research Competition at ICCAD 2021.
- [Aug. 2021] [Talk] I give a talk on "Fault Analysis for Autonomous Machines Reliability" at Center for Brain-Inspired Computing (C-BRIC), a JUMP Research Center cosponsored by SRC and DARPA.
- [Jun. 2021] [Book] Our book
Robotic Computing on FPGAs published in Synthesis Lectures on Computer Architecture. Some key observations of the book published as a survey paper in IEEE CAS-M 2021.
- [Apr. 2021] [Paper] Two papers
An Energy-Efficient Visual System for Autonomous Machines on FPGA Platform and
iELAS: An ELAS-Based Energy-Efficient Accelerator for Real-Time Stereo Matching on FPGA Platform accpted to AICAS 2021.
- [Mar. 2021] [Paper] Our work
ActorQ: Quantization for Actor-Learner Distributed Reinforcement Learning accepted to ICLR HEAT Workshop 2021.
- [Feb. 2021] [Paper] Our work
Analyzing and Improving Fault Tolerance of Navigation System accepted to DAC 2021.
- [Dec. 2020] [Award] Paper
The Sky Is Not the Limit: A Visual Performance Model for Cyber-Physical Co-Design in Autonomous Machines
is selected as Best Paper of IEEE CAL, and will be presented in HPCA 2021.
- [Dec. 2020] [Paper] Our work A Survey of FPGA-Based Robotic Computing
accepted to IEEE CAS-M 2021.
- [Sept. 2020] [Talk] I give a talk at Georgia Tech Integrated Circuits and System Lab on "Edge Computing on Aerial Robots".
- [Aug. 2020] I join Georgia Tech ECE Department for Ph.D., Go Jackets!
- [Jul. 2020] [Award] Paper
Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design of Adaptive Floating-Point Encodings for Resilient Deep Learning Inference
wins Best Paper Award of DAC 2020.
- [Jul. 2020] [Talk] I give a talk at Harvard VLSI-Arch Lab on "Micro Aerial Vehicle Fault Injection and Detection".
- [May. 2020] I obtain M.S. from Harvard, thanks all!
- [Mar. 2020] [Paper] Our work
The Sky Is Not the Limit: A Visual Performance Model for Cyber-Physical Co-Design in Autonomous Machines
accepted to IEEE CAL.
- [Feb. 2020] [Paper] Our work
Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design of Adaptive Floating-Point Encodings for Resilient Deep Learning Inference
accepted to DAC 2020.
- [Jan. 2020] [Paper] Our work
Quantized Reinforcement Learning (QuaRL)
accepted to MLSys ReCoML Workshop 2020.
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Robotic Computing on FPGAs
Shaoshan Liu,
Zishen Wan,
Bo Yu,
Yu Wang
Editor: Natalie Enright Jerger
Synthesis Lectures on Computer Architecture (Morgan & Claypool Publishers), pp.1-218, Jun 2021
Book
This book provides a thorough overview of the state-of-the-art FPGA-based robotic computing accelerator designs and summarizes their adopted optimized techniques.
This book consists of ten chapters, delving into the details of how FPGAs have been utilized in robotic perception, localization, planning, and multi-robot collaboration tasks. In addition to individual robotic tasks, this book provides detailed descriptions of how FPGAs have been used in robotic products, including commercial autonomous vehicles and space exploration robots. Some key observations of this book has been published as a survey paper in IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine, 2021.
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Machine Learning Systems with TinyML
Vijay Janapa Reddi,
Matthew Stewart,
Ikechukwu Uchendu,
Itai Shapira,
Marcelo Rovai,
Jayson Lin,
Jeffrey Ma,
Korneel Van den Berghe,
Zishen Wan,
Srivatsan Krishnan,
Shvetank Prakash,
Mark Mazumder,
Colby Banbury,
Jason Yik,
Jessica Quaye, ...
(contributor list)
Book /
Github
This book is your gateway to the fast-paced world of AI systems through the lens of TinyML. This book aims to demystify the process of developing complete ML systems suitable for deployment - spanning key phases like data collection, model design, optimization, acceleration, security hardening, and integration.
Crucial systems considerations like reliability, privacy, responsible AI, and solution validation are also explored in depth. This book is led by Prof. Vijay Janapa Reddi and resonates with Harvard TinyML course. Join us in this open-source collective effort - by the community, with the community, for the community.
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Intelligence in Robotic Computing: Agile Design Flows for Building Efficient and Resilient Autonomous Machines
Zishen Wan,
Vijay Janapa Reddi,
Arijit Raychowdhury
ACM Student Research Competition (SRC), Grand Final, 2023
First Place, ACM/SIGBED Student Research Competition (SRC)
Paper /
Media /
Media
This report summarizes our recent efforts in facilitating the development of scalable, efficient, adaptive, and reliable autonomous machine computing, including automatic domain-specific SoC exploration, software-hardware co-design, and performance-efficiency-resilience co-optimization.
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Publications       (*: Equal Contributions)
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Towards Efficient Neuro-Symbolic AI: From Workload Characterization to Hardware Architecture
Zishen Wan,
Che-Kai Liu,
Hanchen Yang,
Ritik Raj,
Chaojian Li,
Haoran You,
Yonggan Fu,
Cheng Wan,
Sixu Li,
Youbin Kim,
Ananda Samajdar,
Yingyan (Celine) Lin,
Mohamed Ibrahim,
Jan M. Rabaey,
Tushar Krishna,
Arijit Raychowdhury
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Artificial Intelligence (TCASAI), 2024
Paper
We analyze the neuro-symbolic workload chracteristics, and present a hardware acceleration case study for vector-symbolic architecture to improve the performance, efficiency, and scalability of neuro-symbolic computing.
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Thinking and Moving: An Efficient Computing Approach for Integrated Task and Motion Planning in Cooperative Embodied AI Systems
Zishen Wan,
Yuhang Du,
Mohamed Ibrahim,
Yang (Katie) Zhao,
Tushar Krishna,
Arijit Raychowdhury
ACM/IEEE International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD), 2024
Paper (To appear)
We present a cognitive-inspired modular framework for cooperative embodied AI systems and identify the system inherent characteristics and optimization opportunities. Evaluated on long-horizon multi-objective tasks, our cross-layer optimization achieves an average 3.93x speedup in end-to-end task execution.
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Towards Cognitive AI Systems: Workload and Characterization of Neuro-Symbolic AI
Zishen Wan,
Che-Kai Liu,
Hanchen Yang,
Ritik Raj,
Chaojian Li,
Haoran You,
Yonggan Fu,
Cheng Wan,
Ananda Samajdar,
Yingyan (Celine) Lin,
Tushar Krishna,
Arijit Raychowdhury
IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (ISPASS), 2024
Best Poster Award, DARPA SRC JUMP2.0 CoCoSys Center 2024
Paper / Slide / Media
We systematically categorize neuro-symbolic AI workloads, conduct workload characterizations across hardware platforms, and identify cross-layer optimization opportunites for neuro-symbolic systems.
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The Vulnerability-Adaptive Protection Paradigm Toward Reliable Autonomous Machines
Zishen Wan*,
Yiming Gan*,
Bo Yu,
Shaoshan Liu,
Arijit Raychowdhury,
Yuhao Zhu
Communications of the ACM (CACM), 2024
Paper /
Slide /
ACM Blog /
Media
We characterize the inherent resilience of different compute kernels in autonomous vehicles and drones systems. We analyze the protection design landscape and propose the lightweight Vulnerable-Adaptive Protection (VAP) paradigm for resilient autonomous machines.
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Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design of Distribution-Aware Logarithmic-Posit Encodings for Efficient DNN Inference
Akshat Ramachandran,
Zishen Wan,
Geonhwa Jeong,
John Gustafson,
Tushar Krishna
ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC), 2024
Paper /
Code
We present Logarithmic Posit, an adaptive and hardware-friendly datatype that dynamically adapts to DNN weight/activation distributions for efficient inference. We develop Logarithmic Posit quantization and Logarithmic Posit accelerator architecture via algorithm-hardware co-design.
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MulBERRY: Enabling Bit-Error Robustness for Energy-Efficient Multi-Agent Autonomous Systems
Zishen Wan,
Nandhini Chandramoorthy,
Karthik Swaminathan,
Pin-Yu Chen,
Kshitij Bhardwaj,
Vijay Janapa Reddi,
Arijit Raychowdhury
ACM Inter Conf on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2024
Best Poster Award, IBM IEEE AI Compute Symposium 2023
Paper /
Slide /
Poster /
Lightning Talk /
Media
We propose MulBERRY, a multi-agent robust learning framework to enhance bit error robustness and energy efficiency for autonomous swarm systems.
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ORIANNA: An Accelerator Generation Framework for Optimization-Based Robotic Applications
Yuhui Hao,
Yiming Gan,
Bo Yu,
Qiang Liu,
Yinhe Han,
Zishen Wan,
Shaoshan Liu
ACM Inter Conf on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2024
Paper /
Lightning Talk /
Poster
We propose ORIANNA, a framework leverageing a common abstraction factor graph to generate accelerators for diverse robotic applications (e.g., manipulators, vehicles, drones) containing multiple optimization-based algorithms (e.g., localization, planning).
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RobotPerf: An Open-Source, Vendor-Agnostic, Benchmarking Suite for Evaluating Robotics Computing System Performance
Victor Mayoral-Vilches,
Jason Jabbour,
Yu-Shun Hsiao,
Zishen Wan,
Alejandra Martinez-Farina,
Martino Crespo-Alvarez,
Matthew Stewart,
Juan Manuel Reina-Munoz,
Prateek Nagras,
Gaurav Vikhe,
Mohammad Bakhshalipour,
Martin Pinzger,
Stefan Rass,
Smruti Panigrahi,
Giulio Corradi,
Niladri Roy,
Phillip B. Gibbons,
Sabrina M. Neuman,
Brian Plancher,
Vijay Janapa Reddi
IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 2024
Best Paper Award, IROS Robotics Benchmarking Workshop 2023
Paper /
Poster /
Code /
Project Page /
Media
We introduce RobotPerf, a benchmarking suite to evaluate robotics computing performance across a diverse range of hardware platforms. As an open-source initiative, RobotPerf remains committed to evolving with community input to advance the future of hardware-accelerated robotics.
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H3DFACT: Heterogeneous 3D Integrated CIM for Factorization with Holographic Perceptual Representations
Zishen Wan*,
Che-Kai Liu*,
Mohamed Ibrahim,
Hanchen Yang,
Samuel Spetalnick,
Tushar Krishna,
Arijit Raychowdhury
Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference (DATE), 2024
Best Presentation Award, SRC TECHCON 2024
Paper /
Slide /
Media
We present H3DFACT, the first heterogeneous 3D integrated in-memory compute engine capable of efficiently factorizing high-dimensional holographic representations towards next-generative cognitive AI.
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Neuro-Symbolic Architecture Meets Large Language Models: A Memory-Centric Perspective
Mohamed Ibrahim,
Zishen Wan,
Haitong Li,
Priyadarshini Panda,
Tushar Krishna,
Pentti Kanerva,
Yiran Chen,
Arijit Raychowdhury
ACM/IEEE Embedded Systems Week (ESWEEK), 2024
Paper / Slide
We analyze the computational chanllenges of integrating LLMs and neuro-symbolic architecture, and explore state-of-the-art solutions, focusing on the memory-centric computing principles at both algorithmic and hardware levels.
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Benchmarking Test-Time DNN Adaptation at Edge with Compute-In-Memory
Zhenkun Fan*,
Zishen Wan*,
Che-Kai Liu,
Anni Lu,
Kshitij Bhardwaj,
Arijit Raychowdhury
ACM Journal on Autonomous Transportation Systems (JATS), 2024
Paper /
Code
We present a benchmarking framework and conduct a comprehensive measurement study of prediction-time DNN adaptation techniques, encompassing both supervised and unsupervised approaches, on CIM hardware substrates at the edge.
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Silent Data Corruption in Robot Operating System: A Case for End-to-End System-Level Fault Analysis
Using Autonomous UAVs
Yu-Shun Hsiao*,
Zishen Wan*,
Tianyu Jia,
Radhika Ghosal,
Abdulrahman Mahmoud,
Arijit Raychowdhury,
David Brooks,
Gu-Yeon Wei,
Vijay Janapa Reddi
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems (TCAD), 2023
Paper /
Code
We introduce ROSFI, the first Robot Operating System (ROS) resilience analysis methodology, to assess the effect of silent data corruption (SDC) on safety-critical applications.
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SEE-MCAM: Scalable Multi-bit FeFET Content Addressable Memories for Energy Efficient Associative Search
Shengxi Shou,
Che-Kai Liu,
Sanggeon Yun,
Zishen Wan,
Kai Ni,
Mohsen Imani,
X. Sharon Hu,
Jianyi Yang,
Cheng Zhuo,
Xunzhao Yin
IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD), 2023
Paper /
Media
We propose a scalable and compact multi-bit CAM designs with FeFET, and demonstrate speedup and energy efficiency improvement in hyperdimensional computing (HDC) applications.
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A Heterogeneous RRAM In-Memory and SRAM Near-Memory SoC for Fused Frame and Event-Based Target Identification and Tracking
Ashwin Lele*,
Muya Chang*,
Samuel Spetalnick,
Brian Crafton,
Shota Konna,
Zishen Wan,
Ashwin Bhat,
Win-San Khwa,
Yu-der Chih,
Meng-Fan Chang,
Arijit Raychowdhury
IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits (JSSC), 2023
Paper
We present a heterogeneous programmable ARM Cortex-based SoC with power-efficient RRAM compute-in-memory for CNN and high-speed SRAM compute-near-memory for SNN for the modality-matched acceleration of the hybrid vision.
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BERRY: Bit Error Robustness for Energy-Efficient Reinforcement Learning-Based Autonomous Systems
Zishen Wan,
Nandhini Chandramoorthy,
Karthik Swaminathan,
Pin-Yu Chen,
Vijay Janapa Reddi,
Arijit Raychowdhury
ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC), 2023
Paper /
Slide /
Poster
We propose BEERY, a robust learning framework to improve bit error robustness and energy efficiency for RL autonomous systems. BEERY enables robust low-voltage operation on UAVs, leading to high energy savings in both compute-level operation and system-level quality-of-flight.
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MAVFI: An End-to-End Fault Analysis Framework with Anomaly Detection and Recovery for Micro Aerial Vehicles
Yu-Shun Hsiao*,
Zishen Wan*,
Tianyu Jia,
Radhika Ghosal,
Abdulrahman Mahmoud,
Arijit Raychowdhury,
David Brooks,
Gu-Yeon Wei,
Vijay Janapa Reddi
Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference (DATE), 2023
Paper /
Slide /
Poster /
Code
We build a ROS-based end-to-end fault analysis framework to understand the resilience of Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) system, and propose two low overhead anomaly-based transient fault detection and recovery schemes.
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Real-Time Fully Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Lane Detection in Autonomous Driving
Kshitij Bhardwaj,
Zishen Wan,
Arijit Raychowdhury,
Ryan Goldhahn
Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference (DATE), 2023
Paper
We propose a lightweight, fully unsupervised and real-time adaptation algorithm for safety-critical lane detection of autonomous driving, and demonstrate its state-of-the-art performance on Nvidia Jetson Orin.
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A 73.53TOPS/W 14.74TOPS Heterogeneous RRAM In-Memory and SRAM Near-Memory SoC for Hybrid Frame and Event-Based Target Tracking
Muya Chang*,
Ashwin Lele*,
Samuel Spetalnick,
Brian Crafton,
Shota Konna,
Zishen Wan,
Ashwin Bhat,
Win-San Khwa,
Yu-der Chih,
Meng-Fan Chang,
Arijit Raychowdhury
IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC), 2023
Paper
We propose a fully-programmable heterogeneous ARM Cortex-based SoC with an in-memory low-power RRAM-based CNN and a near-memory high-speed SRAM-based SNN in a hybrid architecture, for high-speed target identification and tracking applications.
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Analyzing and Improving Resilience and Robustness of Autonomous Systems
Zishen Wan,
Karthik Swaminathan,
Pin-Yu Chen,
Nandhini Chandramoorthy,
Arijit Raychowdhury
IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD), 2022
Paper /
Media /
Blog (in CN)
We explore the various originations of fault sources across the computing stack of autonomous systems, and discuss the diverse fault impacts and fault mitigation techniques of different scales of autonomous systems.
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Automatic Domain-Specific SoC Design for Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Srivatsan Krishnan,
Zishen Wan,
Kshitij Bhardwaj,
Paul Whatmough,
Aleksandra Faust,
Sabrina M. Neuman,
Gu-Yeon Wei,
David Brooks,
Vijay Janapa Reddi
IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture (MICRO), 2022
IEEE Micro Top Picks 2023 Honorable Mention
Paper /
arXiv
We propose a machine learning-based design space exploration framework, Autopilot, that can automate the full system cyber-physical co-design for aerial robots. AutoPilot consistently outperforms general-purpose processors and specialized accelerators built for drones.
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Improving Compute In-Memory ECC Reliability with Successive Correction
Brian Crafton,
Zishen Wan,
Samuel Spetalnick,
Jong-Hyeok Yoon,
Wei Wu,
Carlos Tokunaga,
Vivek De,
Arijit Raychowdhury
ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC), 2022
Paper /
Video /
Media
We propose a new ECC scheme for hard and soft errors in foundry RRAM-based Compute-In-Memory chip. We demonstrate single, double, and triple error correction offering up to 16,000× reduction in bit error rate, while consuming only 29.1% area and 26.3% power overhead.
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Robotic Computing on FPGAs: Current Progress, Research Challenges, and Opportunities
Zishen Wan,
Ashwin Lele,
Bo Yu,
Shaoshan Liu,
Yu Wang,
Vijay Janapa Reddi,
Cong (Callie) Hao,
Arijit Raychowdhury
IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Circuits and Systems (AICAS), 2022
Paper /
Slide /
Video
We present the cross-layer robotic computing stack, illustrate the current progress and key design techniques. We summarize and highlight the challenges, research opportunities, and roadmap for the next-generation FPGA-based robotic computing systems.
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An Energy-Efficient and Runtime-Reconfigurable FPGA-Based Accelerator for Robotic Localization Systems
Qiang Liu*,
Zishen Wan*,
Bo Yu*,
Weizhuang Liu,
Shaoshan Liu,
Arijit Raychowdhury
IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC), 2022
Paper /
Slide
We present an energy-efficient and runtime-reconfigurable FPGA-based accelerator for robotic localization tasks. We exploit SLAM-specific data locality, sparsity, reuse, and parallelism, and achieve >5x performance improvement over state-of-the-art.
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Roofline Model for UAVs: A Bottleneck Analysis Tool for Onboard Compute Characterization of Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Srivatsan Krishnan,
Zishen Wan,
Kshitij Bhardwaj,
Ninad Jadhav,
Aleksandra Faust,
Vijay Janapa Reddi
IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (ISPASS), 2022
Paper /
Skyline Tool
We present a bottleneck analysis tool, Skyline, for designing compute systems for autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). The tool provides insights by exploiting the fundamental relationships between various components in the autonomous UAV such as sensor, compute, body dynamics.
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FRL-FI: Transient Fault Analysis for Federated Reinforcement Learning-Based Navigation Systems
Zishen Wan,
Aqeel Anwar,
Abdulrahman Mahmoud,
Tianyu Jia,
Yu-Shun Hsiao,
Vijay Janapa Reddi,
Arijit Raychowdhury
Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference (DATE), 2022
Paper /
Slide
We characterize the hardware transient fault impact on federated reinforcement learning system, a swarm intelligence paradigm in autonomous machines. We further propose application-aware cost-effective fault detection and mitigation scheme to enable autonomy reliability.
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Circuit and System Technologies for Energy-Efficient Edge Robotics
Zishen Wan,
Ashwin Lele,
Arijit Raychowdhury
Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC), 2022 (Invited Paper)
Paper /
Slide
We present a series of ultra-low-power accelerator and system designs on enabling the intelligence in edge robotic platforms, with an emphasis on mixed-signal circuit, neuro-inspired computing, benchmarking, software infrastructure, and algorithm-hardware co-design.
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(Gif source: Google)
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QuaRL: Quantization for Fast and Environmentally Sustainable Reinforcement Learning
Srivatsan Krishnan*,
Max Lam*,
Sharad Chitlangian*,
Zishen Wan,
Gabriel Barth-Maron,
Aleksandra Faust,
Vijay Janapa Reddi
Transactions on Machine Learning Research (TMLR), 2022
Paper /
Google AI Blog
Media
We propose a quantized distributed reinforcement learning (RL) training system, and enable more environmentally friendly RL by achieving carbon emission improvements between 1.9 × and 3.76× compared to training RL-agents in full-precision.
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Analyzing and Improving Fault Tolerance of Learning-Based Navigation System
Zishen Wan,
Aqeel Anwar,
Yu-Shun Hsiao,
Tianyu Jia,
Vijay Janapa Reddi,
Arijit Raychowdhury
ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC), 2021
Best Presentation Award as DAC Young Fellow
Paper /
Slide /
Video /
Media
We evaluate the resilience of learning-based navigation systems to transient and permanent hardware faults. We further propose two efficient fault mitigation techniques for both RL training and inference.
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AutoSoC: Automating Algorithm-SoC Co-design for Aerial Robots
Srivatsan Krishnan,
Thierry Tambe,
Zishen Wan,
Vijay Janapa Reddi
Pre-print, 2021
Paper /
Poster
We present AutoSoC, a algorithms-hardware co-design framework for end-to-end learning-based aerial autonomous machines. AutoSoC runs the ASIC flow of place and route and generates layouts of the floor-planed accelerators with varying performance, area, and power consumption.
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A Survey of FPGA-Based Robotic Computing
Zishen Wan*,
Bo Yu*,
Thomas Yuang Li,
Jie Tang,
Yuhao Zhu,
Yu Wang,
Arijit Raychowdhury,
Shaoshan Liu
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine (CAS-M), 2021
Paper
We provide an overview of recent work on FPGA-based robotic accelerators. An analysis of software and hardware optimization techniques and main technical issues is presented, along with some commercial and space applications.
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An Energy-Efficient Quad-Camera Visual System for Autonomous Machines on FPGA Platform
Zishen Wan*,
Yuyang Zhang*,
Arijit Raychowdhury,
Bo Yu,
Yanjun Zhang,
Shaoshan Liu
IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Circuits and Systems (AICAS), 2021
Paper /
Slide /
Summary Video /
Long Video
We present a real-time and energy-efficient ORB (Oriented-Fast and Rotated-BRIEF) based visual system on FPGAs. Compared to Nvidia TX1 and Intel i7 CPU, our FPGA-based implementation achieves 5.6x and 3.4x speedup, as well as 3.0x and 34.6x power reduction, respectively.
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iELAS: An ELAS-Based Energy-Efficient Accelerator for Real-Time Stereo Matching on FPGA Platform
Tian Gao*,
Zishen Wan*,
Yuyang Zhang,
Bo Yu,
Yanjun Zhang,
Shaoshan Liu,
Arijit Raychowdhury
IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Circuits and Systems (AICAS), 2021
Paper
We present an energy-efficient hardware architecture for real-time ELAS (Efficient Large-scale Stereo) based stereo matching on FPGAs. Compared to SOTA SoC and Intel i7 CPU, our FPGA design achieves 3.32x and 38.4x speedup, and 1.13x and 27.1x power reduction, respectively.
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Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design of Adaptive Floating-Point Encodings for Resilient Deep Learning Inference
Thierry Tambe,
En-Yu Yang,
Zishen Wan,
Yuntian Deng,
Vijay Janapa Reddi,
Alexander Rush,
David Brooks,
Gu-Yeon Wei
ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC), 2020 Best Paper Award ACM SIGDA Research Highlights Nominee
Paper /
arXiv (long version) /
Media
We present an algorithm-hardware co-design centered around a novel floating-point inspired number format, which can achieve higher inference accuracies
and lower per-operation energy compared to NVDLA-like PE.
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The Sky Is Not the Limit: A Visual Performance Model for Cyber-Physical Co-Design in Autonomous Machines
Srivatsan Krishnan,
Zishen Wan,
Kshitij Bhardwaj,
Paul Whatmough,
Aleksandra Faust,
Gu-Yeon Wei,
David Brooks,
Vijay Janapa Reddi
IEEE Computer Architecture Letters (CAL), 2020 Best Paper Award
Presented at International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA), 2021
Paper /
Tool Website
We introduce a roofline-like model to understand the role of computing in aerial autonomous machines. The model provides insights by exploiting the fundamental relationships between various components in an aerial robot, such as sensor framerate, compute performance, and body dynamics.
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An Efficient Computing Approach for Integrated Task and Motion Planning in Cooperative Embodied AI Systems
Zishen Wan,
Yuhang Du,
Mohamed Ibrahim,
Yang (Katie) Zhao,
Tushar Krishna,
Arijit Raychowdhury
Workshop on Robotics Acceleration with Computing Hardware (RoboArch), IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture (MICRO), 2024
Paper (To appear)
We present a cognitive-inspired modular framework for cooperative embodied AI systems on long-horizon planning tasks. We identify the system inherent characteristics and optimization opportunities.
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ResGNN: A Generic Framework for Measuring Graph Neural Network Resilience Against Faults and Attacks in Hardware Systems
Hanqiu Chen,
Zishen Wan,
Cong (Callie) Hao
1st IEEE RAS in Data Centers Summit, 2024
Paper /
Slide
We present ResGNN, a GNN resilience characterization framework against hardware faults and attacks, including voltage scaling, transient faults, row-hammer attacks, etc. ResGNN unlocks the opportunity to understand GNN resilience and adaptive protection scheme, to achieve reliable and efficient GNN systems. |
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Scaling Compute Is Not All You Need for Adversarial Robustness
Edoardo Debenedetti,
Zishen Wan,
Maksym Andriushchenko,
Vikash Sehwag,
Kshitij Bhardwaj,
Bhavya Kailkhura
Workshop on Reliable and Responsible Foundation Models, International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2024
Paper
We derive scaling laws for adversarial robustness which can be extrapolated in the future to provide an estimate of how much cost we would need to pay to reach a desired level of robustness.
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Towards Cognitive AI Systems: a Survey and Prospective on Neuro-Symbolic AI
Zishen Wan,
Che-Kai Liu,
Hanchen Yang,
Chaojian Li,
Haoran You,
Yonggan Fu,
Cheng Wan,
Tushar Krishna,
Yingyan (Celine) Lin,
Arijit Raychowdhury
Workshop on Systems for Next-Gen AI Paradigms, Conference on Machine Learning and Systems (MLSys), 2023
Workshop on Energy Efficient Machine Learning and Cognitive Computing, ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2024
Paper /
Slide /
Poster
We provide a systematic review of recent progress in neuro-symbolic AI (NSAI) and analyze the performance characteristics and computational operators of NSAI models. We discuss the challenges and potential future directions of NSAI from system and architectural perspectives.
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VPP: The Vulnerability-Proportional Protection Paradigm Towards Reliable Autonomous Machines
Zishen Wan*,
Yiming Gan*,
Bo Yu,
Shaoshan Liu,
Arijit Raychowdhury,
Yuhao Zhu
5th Workshop on Domain Specific System Architecture (DOSSA-5), International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA), 2023
Paper /
Slide /
Media
We characterize the inherent robustenss and performance of various autonomous machine computing kernels, and propose a Vulnerable-Proportional Protection (VPP) design paradigm to provide high protection coverage while introducing little cost.
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Multi-Task Federated Reinforcement Learning with Adversaries
Aqeel Anwar,
Zishen Wan,
Arijit Raychowdhury
1st Adversarial Machine Learning Workshop, International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 2022
Paper
We analyze the multi-task federated reinforcement learning (MT-FedRL) algorithm with an adversarial perspective. We propose an effective adversarial attack method, and an adaptative detection and recovery scheme for MT-FedRL system.
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RRAM-ECC: Improving Reliability of RRAM-Based Compute In-Memory
Zishen Wan*,
Brian Crafton*,
Samuel Spetalnick,
Jong-Hyeok Yoon,
Arijit Raychowdhury
13th Annual Non-Volatile Memories Workshop (NVMW), 2022
Paper /
Slide /
Summary Video /
Long Video
We explore the impact of device variation (calibrated with measured data on foundry RRAM arrays) and propose a new class of ECC for hard and soft errors in RRAM-based in-memory coomputing. We demonstrate the single, double, and triple error correction.
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ActorQ: Quantization for Actor-Learner Distributed Reinforcement Learning
Max Lam*,
Sharad Chitlangian*,
Srivatsan Krishnan*,
Zishen Wan,
Gabriel Barth-Maron,
Aleksandra Faust,
Vijay Janapa Reddi
Hardware Aware Efficient Training (HEAT) Workshop, International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2021
Paper /
Poster /
Code
We introduce a novel Reinforcement Learning training paradigm, ActorQ, to speed up actor-learner distributed RL training. ActorQ demonstrates >1.5x-2.5× speedup, and faster convergence over full precision training on a range of tasks (Deepmind Control Suite) and RL algorithms (D4PG, DQN).
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Quantized Reinforcement Learning (QuaRL)
Srivatsan Krishnan*,
Sharad Chitlangian*,
Max Lam*,
Zishen Wan,
Aleksandra Faust,
Vijay Janapa Reddi
Resource-Constrained Machine Learning (ReCoML) Workshop, Conference on Machine Learning and System (MLSys), 2020
Paper /
Code
We conduct the first comprehensive empirical study that quantifies the effects of quantization on various deep RL tasks and algorithms. We deploy a quantized RL-based robot navigation policy onto an embedded system, achieving 18x speedup and 4x reduction in memory usage.
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Honors and Awards
2024 Best Presentation Award, Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC) TECHCON
2024 Cyber-Physical Systems Rising Star
2024 Best Poster Award, DARPA SRC JUMP2.0 Center for Co-Design of Cognitive Systems (CoCoSys)
2024 MLSys Student Travel Award
2024 ISPASS Student Travel Award
2024 ASPLOS Student Travel Award
2024 ISSCC Student Travel Award
2023 Best Poster Award, IBM IEEE AI Compute Symposium
2023 Best Paper Award, Robotics Benchmarking Workshop, IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
2023 ML and Systems Rising Star
2023 ISCA Student Travel Award
2023 MLSys Student Travel Award
2023 Roger P. Webb Graduate Research Assistant Excellence Award, Georgia Tech
2023 IEEE Micro Top Picks, Honorable Mention ("in recognition of the most significant research papers in computer architecture")
2022 1st Place, ACM/SIGBED Student Research Competition
2022 3rd Place, ACM/SIGDA Student Research Competition (declined)
2022 Qualcomm Fellowship
2022 Young Fellow, IEEE/ACM Design Automation Conference (DAC)
2022 CRNCH PhD Fellowship, Center for Research into Novel Computing Hierarchies, Georgia Tech
2021 ACM SIGDA Research Highlights Nominee
2021 Young Fellow, IEEE/ACM Design Automation Conference (DAC)
2021 Best Presentation Award, Young Fellow Program at IEEE/ACM Design Automation Conference (DAC)
2020 Best Paper Award, IEEE/ACM Design Automation Conference (DAC)
2020 Best Paper Award, IEEE Computer Architecture Letters (CAL)
2018 Chiang Chen Overseas Graduate Scholarship (10 of all undergraduates and graduates in China)
2018 Best Undergraduate Thesis Award
2018 Frist Place, Chunhui Innovation Achievement Award (Highest Student Academic Honor of HIT)
2018 Top Ten Outstanding Undergraduates of HIT
2018 China Telecom Scholarship
2017 Innovation and Entrepreneurship Award, Ministry of Industry and Information, China
2016 First Place, National Mathematical Contest in Modeling, China
2016 Siemens Acedemic Scholarship
2015 Johnson Electric Acedemic Scholarship
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Selected Talks
- "Co-Design of NeuroSymbolic Cognitive AI Systems"
- 08/2024 Invited Talk, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities (host: Prof. Katie Zhao), Minneapolis, MN
- 05/2024 Young Professional Symposium, Conference on Machine Learning and Systems (MLSys), Santa Clara, CA
- 05/2024 International Workshop on Neuro-symbolic Systems (NeuS), UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
- 03/2024 CoCoSys (Center for the Co-Design of Cognitive Systems) Annual Summit, DARPA SRC JUMP 2.0, Atlanta, GA
- 09/2023 Guest Lecture, EE6900 Neuromorphic Computing (Host: Prof. Yan Fang), Atlanta, GA
- 05/2023 Georgia Tech 3D Systems Packaging Research Center Spring Meeting, Atlanta, GA
- 05/2023 CoCoSys (Center for the Co-Design of Cognitive Systems) Annual Summit, DARPA SRC JUMP 2.0, Atlanta, GA
- "Towards Efficient and Resilient Autonomous Edge through Technology-System Co-Exploration"
- 08/2024 Invited Talk, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (host: Dr. Kshitij Bhardwaj), Livermore, CA
- "Intelligence in Robotic Computing: Exploring Agile Design Flows for Efficient and Resilient Autonomous Systems"
- 11/2024 Invited Talk, MICRO Workshop on Robotics Acceleration with Computing Hardware, Austin, TX
- 09/2024 ESWEEK (Embedded Systems Week) PhD Forum, Raleigh, NC
- 05/2024 Cyber-Physical System Rising Star Workshop, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- 05/2024 CoCoSys (Center for the Co-Design of Cognitive Systems) Liaison Meeting, DARPA SRC JUMP 2.0, Atlanta, GA
- 02/2024 CRIDC (Career, Research, and Innovation Development Conference), Atlanta, GA
- 02/2024 Georgia Tech Computer Architecture Research Seminar (Arch-Whisky), Atlanta, GA
- 11/2023 6th IBM AI Compute Symposium, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY
- 08/2023 ML and Systems Rising Stars Workshop, Google, Mountain View, CA
- 05/2023 Georgia Tech Chips Day, Atlanta, GA
- 03/2023 Georgia Tech EIC Lab (Host: Prof. Celine Lin), Atlanta, GA
- 02/2023 CRNCH (Center for Research into Novel Computing Hierarchies) Annual Summit, Atlanta, GA
- 11/2022 ACM Student Research Competition at ICCAD, San Diego, CA
- "Efficient Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design for Autonomous Machine Computing"
- 09/2023 Georgia Tech Computer Architecture Research Seminar (Arch-Whisky ), Atlanta, GA
- 02/2023 CRIDC (Career, Research, and Innovation Development Conference), Atlanta, GA
- 10/2022 5th IBM AI Compute Symposium, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY
- 10/2022 CBRIC (Research Center for Brain-Inspired Computing) Annual Summit, DARPA JUMP SRC, Purdue University, IN
- 03/2022 Guest Lecture, Georgia Tech ECE8893 Parallel Programming for FPGAs (Host: Prof. Callie Hao), Atlanta, GA
- 02/2022 CRNCH (Center for Research into Novel Computing Hierarchies) Annual Summit, Online
- "Enabling Reliable and Safe Autonomous Systems"
- 03/2024 CoCoSys (Center for the Co-Design of Cognitive Systems) Annual Summit, DARPA SRC JUMP 2.0, Atlanta, GA
- 02/2024 CRNCH (Center for Research into Novel Computing Hierarchies) Annual Summit, Atlanta, GA
- 05/2023 CoCoSys (Center for the Co-Design of Cognitive Systems) Annual Summit, DARPA SRC JUMP 2.0, Atlanta, GA
- 11/2022 ACM Student Research Competition at ESWEEK, Online
- 06/2022 COMPSAC plenary panel 'Reliability of Autonomous Machines', Online
- 10/2021 CBRIC (Center for Brain-Inspired Computing) Annual Summit, DARPA JUMP SRC, Online
- 08/2021 CBRIC (Center for Brain-Inspired Computing) Industry Talk, DARPA JUMP SRC, Online
- 07/2020 Harvard Architecture, Circuits and Compilers Lab, Online
- "Edge Computing on Aerial Robots"
- 11/2021 ACM Student Research Competition at ICCAD, Online
- 09/2020 Georgia Tech Integrated Circuits and System Research Lab, Online
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Academic Service
- Conference Reviewer: CAV@ASPLOS'24, DAC'24, DAC'23, ESWEEK'23, IJCAI'23, NPC'22.
- Journal Reviewer: IEEE JSSC, IEEE TCAD, IEEE TCAS-I, IEEE TBioCAS, IEEE JETCAS, IEEE Micro, IEEE TIM, ACM JATS.
- Artifact Evaluation Committee: ISCA'24, MICRO'23, ISCA'23, ASPLOS'23, MICRO'22, ASPLOS'22, IISWC'22.
- Workshop & Special Session Oragnizer: ICCAD'24, ESWEEK'24.
- Working Group: Co-found MLCommons (MLPerf) Resilience and Robustness Research Working Group.
- Panelist: COMPSAC'22.
- Outreach activity: ISSCC'24 News and Media Team, Steering Committee of Computer Architecture Student Association (CASA), Steering Committee of IEEE Entrepreneurship China, IISWC'19 Volunteer.
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Misc
- Sports: I like table tennis, soccer, swimming, hiking, and jogging. I'm a member of Georgia Tech Table Tennis Association.
- Arts: I like calligraphy and have practiced more than 10 years. My undergrad Calculus class notes was awarded 'The Most Beautiful Class Note' and permanently collected and displayed by Harbin Institute of Technology university museum.
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